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fulling of cloth

  • 1 Fulling

    See Milling. ———————— A process in woollen finishing that causes the material to contract and become denser in texture or felted. The fulling machines apply pressure, moisture and heat. ———————— See Felting and Milling. Originally this term denoted the whole of the processes of felting and finishing woollen fabrics, but today the word is practically equivalent to felting, and is the process of cleaning and shrinking cloth by moisture, heat and pressure.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Fulling

  • 2 валка сукна

    Русско-английский технический словарь > валка сукна

  • 3 валка сукна

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь Масловского > валка сукна

  • 4 валка

    ( леса) cut, cutting-down, fell, felling, felting, felling operation, milling текст., fulling
    * * *
    ва́лка ж. текст.
    fulling
    ва́лка ле́са — (trees) felling
    ва́лка муки́ — flour blend(ing)
    ва́лка сукна́ — fulling (of cloth)

    Русско-английский политехнический словарь > валка

  • 5 валка сукна

    Engineering: fulling of cloth

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > валка сукна

  • 6 pilatero

    m.
    in woollen factories, fuller who assists at fulling the cloth.

    Spanish-English dictionary > pilatero

  • 7 concilio

    concĭlĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [concilium].
    I.
    To bring together several objects into one whole, to unite, connect (class. in prose and poetry, not in Hor.).
    A.
    Prop. (thus several times in Lucr. of the union of atoms):

    primordia Non ex illarum conventu conciliata,

    not formed by the union of separate parts, Lucr. 1, 612; 2, 901:

    dispersa,

    id. 6, 890:

    omnia in alto,

    id. 5, 466; cf. also id. 1, 1042; 2, 552.—Of physical union of other kinds:

    traduces bini inter se obvii miscentur alliganturque unā conciliati,

    Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 211;

    of medic. mixtures: gramen hyoscyami cerae,

    to mix, Ser. Samm. 40, 754.—
    2.
    Of the fulling of cloth:

    vestimentum,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 43 Müll.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To unite in thought or feeling, to make friendly, to procure the favor of, to make inclined to, to gain, win over; constr. aliquos inter se, aliquem alicui or absol. (in this sense very freq.).
    (α).
    Aliquos inter se:

    quin res publica nos inter nos conciliatura conjuncturaque sit,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 2; so,

    conciliare et conjungere homines inter se,

    id. Off. 1, 16, 50:

    feras inter sese,

    id. Rosc. Am. 22, 63.—
    (β).
    Aliquem ( aliquid) alicui:

    conciliare sibi, avertere ab adversario judicem,

    Quint. 6, 1, 11:

    quas (legiones) sibi conciliare pecuniā cogitabat,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 23, 2:

    Pammenem sibi similitudine fortunae,

    Tac. A. 16, 14:

    homines sibi,

    Nep. Ages. 2 fin.; id. Them. 10, 1:

    simulatque natum sit animal, ipsum sibi conciliari et commendari ad se conservandum,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 5, 16:

    eam civitatem Arvernis,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 7; cf.:

    reliquas civitates amicitia Caesari,

    id. B. C. 3, 55 fin.:

    per quam (causam) cum universo ordini tum primoribus se patrum concilient,

    Liv. 4, 48, 9:

    arma sibi,

    Verg. A. 10, 151:

    deos homini,

    Ov. F. 1, 337:

    audientem exordio,

    Quint. 8, prooem. 11:

    judicem probationibus nostris,

    id. 4, 3, 9:

    Maurorum animos Vitellio,

    Tac. H. 2, 58; cf.:

    quas res quosque homines quibus rebus aut quibus hominibus vel conciliasset vel alienasset ipsa natura,

    Quint. 5, 10, 17: omne animal primum constitutioni suae conciliari, i. e. governs itself in accordance with, etc., Sen. Ep. 124, 14; cf. id. ib. §

    15 sqq.: primum sibi ipsum conciliatur animal,

    id. ib. §

    17: frui iis rebus, quas primas homini natura conciliet,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 42, 131; cf. conciliatio, I. B. 2.—Without dat.:

    conciliabat ceteros reges,

    Nep. Hann. 10, 2; so,

    accusatorem,

    Quint. 6, 1, 12:

    conciliare, docere, movere judicem,

    id. 11, 1, 61; cf. id. 2, 5, 7; 3, 9, 7:

    plures,

    Tac. A. 15, 51:

    animos hominum,

    Cic. Off. 2, 5, 17; cf. id. de Or. 3, 53, 204:

    animum judicis,

    Quint. 4, 1, 25; cf.:

    animos judicum (opp. alienare),

    id. 11, 1, 8:

    animos plebis,

    Liv. 1, 35, 2:

    animos militum pollicitationibus,

    Suet. Oth. 6; cf. Tac. H. 1, 18, —
    (γ).
    ( Aliquem) ad aliquid: Labienum praefecit togatae, quo majore commendatione conciliaretur ad consulatūs petitionem, Auct. B. G. 8, 52.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    nihil est ad conciliandum gratius verecundiā,

    Quint. 11, 3, 161:

    conciliare, narrare,

    id. 3, 4, 15.—
    2.
    = commendo, to represent something to one as agreeable, pleasant, etc., i. e. to recommend:

    et dictis artes conciliasse suas,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 42.—
    II.
    With acc. and dat. (aliquid alicui) or absol., to procure, provide, prepare, produce something for one.
    A.
    With physical objects.
    1.
    Of the procuring of a maiden, an object of love, in an honorable and (more freq.) in a dishonorable sense, to unite, procure, couple (cf. Lucr. 5, 961):

    tute ad eum adeas, tute concilies, tute poscas,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 111:

    num me nupsisti conciliante seni?

    Ov. Am. 1, 13, 42:

    conciliata viro,

    Cat. 68, 130:

    existimabatur Servilia etiam filiam suam Tertiam Caesari conciliare,

    to give as a mistress, Suet. Caes. 50:

    cum ei dignatio Juliā genitam Atiam conciliasset uxorem,

    Vell. 2, 59, 2.—Once with ad:

    a tuā me uxore dicam delatum, ut sese ad eum conciliarem,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206.—
    2.
    To procure, obtain by purchase or otherwise, to purchase, acquire, win, gain:

    illum mihi,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 25; cf.:

    male habiti et male conciliati,

    i. e. at a bad bargain, id. Ps. 1, 2, 1:

    prodi, male conciliate,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 2: Mi. Estne empta mihi haec? Pe. His legibus habeas licet, Conciliavisti pulcre, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 39 sq.:

    ut tibi recte conciliandi primo facerem copiam,

    a chance for a good bargain, id. Pers. 4, 3, 69:

    si ullo pacto ille (filius) huc conciliari potest,

    can be brought here, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 22 (cf. id. ib. prol. 33):

    HS. viciens ex hoc uno genere,

    to extort, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 58, § 142; cf.

    pecunias,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 55, § 137; 2, 3, 30, § 71; 2, 3, 84, § 194;

    and, in a more gen. sense: summum bonum esse frui rebus iis, quas primas natura conciliavisset,

    id. Ac. 2, 42, 131.—
    B.
    With abstr. objects, to cause, bring about, procure, acquire, make, produce, etc.:

    affinitatem et gratiam,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 42; cf.

    gratiam,

    Suet. Calig. 3:

    pacem inter cives,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 27, 1; cf. Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 2:

    amorem sibi,

    Cic. Arch. 8, 17; cf. id. de Or. 2, 51, 206:

    favorem ad vulgum,

    Liv. 29, 22, 8; cf.:

    favorem populi,

    Suet. Caes. 11:

    amicitiam cum aliquo,

    Cic. Deiot. 14, 39:

    gloriam,

    id. Mur. 20, 41:

    laudem,

    Quint. 2, 7, 4:

    dignitatem auctoribus suis,

    Tac. Or. 9:

    famam clementiae,

    Liv. 21, 60, 4:

    majestatem nomini Romano,

    id. 29, 11, 4:

    odium,

    Quint. 5, 13, 38; 6, 2, 16:

    risus,

    to cause, id. 6, 3, 35:

    otium,

    Nep. Timol. 3, 2:

    otii nomine servitutem,

    id. Epam. 5, 3:

    nuptias,

    to bring about, id. Att. 5, 3; Just. 7, 6, 10; cf.:

    jugales toros,

    Stat. S. 3, 5, 70.—Hence, concĭlĭātus, a, um, P. a. (in acc. with I. B.), friendly; in partic. in a pass. sense.
    A.
    Beloved:

    (Hasdrubal) flore aetatis primo Hamilcari conciliatus,

    Liv. 21, 2, 3:

    juvenis aetatis flore conciliatus sibi,

    Curt. 7, 9, 19; cf. Suet. Vit. Ter. 1; id. Vit. 7.—In sup.:

    est nobis conciliatissimus,

    Symm. Ep. 9, 37.—
    B.
    In an act. sense, favorably inclined, devoted, favorable to something; comp.:

    ut judex ad rem accipiendam fiat conciliatior,

    Quint. 4, 2, 24:

    (homo) voluptati a naturā conciliatus, a dolore autem abjunctus alienatusque est,

    Gell. 12, 5, 18.— Adv. not in use.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > concilio

  • 8 kumaş dinkleme

    cloth fulling, cloth milling

    İngilizce Sözlük Türkçe > kumaş dinkleme

  • 9 fùcadh

    fulling cloth, Middle Gaelic owkki$$+t (Dean of Lismore), Irish úcaire, fuller; cf. pùc.

    Etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language > fùcadh

  • 10 luadh

    fulling cloth; cf. Irish luadh, motion, moving, root ploud (Lithuanian plaudz$$?u, wash, English fleet), a side-form of the root of luath. But compare dol.

    Etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language > luadh

  • 11 Dyer, John

    SUBJECT AREA: Textiles
    [br]
    fl. c.1833 England
    [br]
    English inventor of an improved milling machine for woollen cloth.
    [br]
    After being woven, woollen cloth needed to be cleaned and compacted to thicken it and take out the signs of weaving. The traditional way of doing this was to place the length of cloth in fulling stocks, where hammers pounded it in a solution of fuller's earth, but in 1833 John Dyer, a Trowbridge engineer, took out a patent for the first alternative way with real possibilities. He sold the patent the following year but must have reserved the right to make his machine himself, incorporating various additions and improvements into it, because many of the machines used in Trowbridge after 1850 came from him. Milling machines were often used in conjunction with fulling stocks. The cloth was made up into a continuous length and milled by rollers forcing it through a hole or spout, from where it dropped into the fulling liquid to be soaked before being pulled out and pushed through the hole again. Dyer had three pairs of rollers, with one pair set at right angles to the others so that the cloth was squeezed in two directions. These machines do not seem to have come into general use until the 1850s. His machine closely resembled those still in use.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1833, British patent no. 6,460 (milling machine).
    Further Reading
    J.de L.Mann, 1971, The Cloth Industry in the West of England from 1660 to 1880, Oxford (provides a brief account of the introduction of the milling machine).
    K.G.Ponting, 1971, The Woollen Industry of South-West England, Bath (a general account of the textile industry in the West Country).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Dyer, John

  • 12 Full

    To press, scour and thicken cloth in a mill. The old method of fulling cloth was to tread it with the feet. The object is to work the fibres so that the surface of the cloth does not show transverse threads but forms a felted mass. Fulling is now done by machinery (see Fulling)

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Full

  • 13 batán

    m.
    fulling hammer, fulling mill.
    * * *
    1 fulling machine
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=lugar) fulling mill; (=herramienta) fulling hammer
    2) Cono Sur (=tintorería) dry cleaner's
    3) And (=espesura de tela) thickness ( of cloth)
    * * *
    fulling machine
    * * *
    batán nm
    [máquina] fulling mill
    * * *
    m TÉC fulling machine

    Spanish-English dictionary > batán

  • 14 κνάπτω

    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: `card, comb, full (cloth)' as thechnical term, also metaph. `mangle, tear' in gen. (IA)
    Other forms: rarely κνάμπτω, cf. γνάμπτω and Güntert Reimwortbildungen 115f.), young Att., hell., also Ion. γνάπτω,
    Dialectal forms: Myc. kanapeu \/ knapheus\/
    Compounds: sometimes with ἀνα-, ἐπι-,
    Derivatives: Young Att. γν- for κν- (here not noted): κνάφος m. `teasel of the fuller', also `bur(r), folter-instrument' (Hdt., Hp., Com.) with κναφεύς `fuller' (IA.), also as fish-name (Dorio; on the motive Strömberg Fischnamen 93); κναφεῖον, -ήϊον `fuller's shop' (IA.), κναφευτική ( τέχνη) `art of fulling' (Pl.), κναφεύω `full' (Ar.) and, as late feminine formation, κνάφισσα `fuller-ess' (pap.; Chantraine Formation 110); κναφικός `belonging to fulling' (Dsc., pap.). - γνάψις `fulling' (Pl.), γνάπτωρ = κναφεύς (Man.). - γνάφαλλον `flocken, cushion of wool' (pap. a. ostr.) with γναφαλ(λ)ώδης `γ.-like', γναφάλλιον, - αλλίς plant-name, `Diotis maritima' (Dsc., Plin.; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 105); also κνέφαλλον `cushion' (com., E.; vv. ll. κναφ-, γναφ-) and γνόφαλλον (Alc. Ζ 14, 8; beside μόλθακον). - Verbal adj.: ἄ-γναπτος (Pl. com., Plu.) and ἄ-γναφος (NT, pap.) `unfulled, new', ἐπί-γναφος (: ἐπι-γνάπτω) `fulled again', of clothes (Poll.).
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: Cf. κναίω, κνῆν, κνίζω, κνύω (s. vv.) with ending as in ῥάπτω, σκάπτω, ἅπτω etc.; κνάφος as ῥαφή etc. The forms with γν- cannot be explained as Greek, so they point to Pre-Greek; cf. Schwyzer 414 (who unconvincingly takes κνάπτω as assimilated from γνάπτω. Note the typical ο for α in γνόφαλλον bei Alc. ( κνέφαλλον cannot be old ablaut (cf. Persson Beitr. 1, 139f., Schwyzer 343). - As non-Greek cognate one cites a Celtic word for `fleece', e. g. Welsh cnaif (s. Vendryes WuS 12, 243); other forms in Germanic and Baltic are semantically further off, e. g. OWNo. * hnafa, pret. hnof `cut off' (with gemination hneppa `pinch, press'), Lith. knabénti `pick in, off', s. Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. knablỹs. The variation κ\/γ, α\/ο shows quite clearly Pre-Greek origin. (Not in Fur.) S. further κνήφη and κνώψ.
    See also: S. noch κνήφη und κνώψ.
    Page in Frisk: 1,881-882

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κνάπτω

  • 15 coactiliarius

    I
    maker of felt; maker of thick fulled cloth (L+S)
    II
    coactiliaria, coactiliarium ADJ

    Latin-English dictionary > coactiliarius

  • 16 γναφεύς

    γναφεύς, έως, ὁ (Hdt. et al.; the older spelling was κναφεύς [s. Kühner-Bl. I 147f; Meisterhans3-Schw. 74, 1; Schwyzer I 343]; the form w. γν. as early as an Att. ins of IV B.C., and gener. in the Ptolemaic pap [Mayser 170, further ref. there], also Mitt-Wilck., I/2, 315, 8 [88 A.D.]; LXX. But κν. reappears, as e.g. Dio Chrys. 55 [72], 4; Artem. 4, 33 p. 224, 4; Diog. L. 5, 36; Celsus 3, 55) gener. a specialist in one or more of the processes in the treatment of cloth, incl. fulling, carding, cleaning, bleaching. Since the Eng. term ‘fuller’ refers to one who shrinks and thickens cloth, a more general rendering such as cloth refiner is required to cover the various components. In our lit. (only Mk 9:3) ref. is to the bleaching aspect, without suggesting that the term applies only to one engaged in that particular feature. Hence such glosses as ‘bleacher’ or ‘fuller’ would overly limit the professional niche.—DELG s.v. κνάπτω. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > γναφεύς

  • 17 Curling Selvedges

    This is a fault that causes serious trouble to finishers and is due to the unequal distribution of the weft threads on the back and the face of the cloth. The remedy is to weave flat selvedges and this can be done by using suitable weaves for the fabric to be woven, and a weave that does not give a tight selvedge. Manufacturers can avoid curling selvedges and by a little experimenting at the beginning of the warp the right weave can be quickly obtained. Curling selvedges in wool, invariably present themselves in the making of heavily-felted cloths (e.g., the Army greatcoat), when the weave shows a preponderance of warp or weft on one side, such as prunelle crow or sateen. The defect is partly overcome by weaving the selvedges in warp cord, weft cord, or hopsack. For fulling, the piece should be doubled as a bag, with the face inside, and the lists stitched flat together; or two pieces may be put face to face and the lists stitched. This arrangement, by keeping the pieces flat, also prevents mill marks. Other causes are: The use for the selvedge of odd yam which mills quicker than the cloth itself, and curls as it becomes shorter. In such cases the listing yarn should be harder twisted, or warped a little longer. Narrow selvedges which cannot resist the one-sided pull of the weft in shrinking are drawn in and rolled. (French Army cloths are milled from 102-in. to 55-in. The lists in these are made with ten very thick twofold threads, two to three times as heavy as the single ground yam). Skying the listing threads too closely is a cause of the defect.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Curling Selvedges

  • 18 валка шерстяного трикотажа

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > валка шерстяного трикотажа

  • 19 валка шерстяного трикотажа

    Русско-английский текстильный словарь > валка шерстяного трикотажа

  • 20 luaidh

    1. nf. gen.+e; pl.+ean, lead, leaden shot, lead or plummet of sounding line
    2. va. luadhadh, thicken cloth by fulling

    Gaelic-English dictionary > luaidh

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  • fulling mill — noun A water mill used for fulling cloth …   Wiktionary

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